The History of Electricity Supply in the Area
page 2
III Electricity supply in Wolverhampton
The Commercial Road power station
The Wolverhampton electricity supply was
inaugurated on 30th January, 1895, when Sir Gerald
Mander was the Mayor and also the chairman of the Electricity
Committee. The opening ceremony was performed by Lord Kelvin, a
great pioneer of electrical engineering and, at the time, the
President of the Royal Society. The generating station was in
Commercial Road, Wolverhampton, a building which still stands.
Its cooling tower remained as a landmark until recent
years. It was coal fired, most of the coal coming in by canal. The
equipment consisted of three sets with a total capacity of 350 KW.
It was supplied by the E.C.C. and was a D.C. system, where the central
generating station produced 1,000 volts. This was distributed to a
number of small sub-stations which were scattered across the town.
Each sub-station contained a motor-generator to convert the incoming
1,000 volt supply to 200 volts. D.C.. This system was favoured by
the E.C.C. after a successful installation in Oxford. Similar
systems were later installed by the company at Birmingham, Manchester,
Walsall, Hull, Barrow-in-Furness, Charing Cross, Chelsea, Sydenham and
Shoreditch.
The 1914 Wolverhampton Red Book provides an interesting
account of the state of play at the time, which is reproduced here in
extenso:
The present plant has a capacity of 6,400 K.W., and
consists of five continuous current Generators, direct coupled to
high-speed steam engines, and three Turbine-driven Alternators. The
Turbines were made by Willans and Robinson, of Rugby, and two of the
engines by the same firm, the others being by Bellis and Morcom, of
Birmingham.
The Generators have all been supplied either by the
Electric Construction Company, Ltd., or Thomas Parker Ltd.
The Boiler Plant consists of six Lancashire, two
Economic and four Babcock and Wilcox Boilers with Economisers and
induced draught plant.
Water-softening Plant is installed for treating the
water before it is fed to the boilers. The coal for use under the
boilers is brought to the works by canal in the Department�s own
boats, and is mechanically conveyed from the boats to storage
bunkers fixed above the boiler house.
A large Storage Battery, by the Chloride Battery
Co., is also installed at the Main Generating Station.
There is an Auxiliary Generating Station at the
Refuse Destructor, Crown street, containing plant having a capacity
of 750 K.W.
Direct current supply is given throughout the
borough at pressures of 220 and 440 volts for lighting and power
purposes, and a three-phase bulk supply is given to large consumers
at 6,000 volts 50 frequency [sc. 6,000 volts and at a
frequency of 50 Hz] , which is transformed down to 400 and 230 volts
for power and lighting purposes respectively.
Several Sub-stations have been built to contain
converting machinery for supplying districts situated a long way
from the Generating Station.
The Tramway system is run by Electricity supplied
from the Main Generating Station, a special Switchboard and Mains
being installed for this purpose.
The rates charged for Electricity are very low,
comparing favourably with those charged in other towns, and the
consumption of Electricity per head of population is in consequence
very high.
During the last twelve months a new system of
charging for private houses has been instituted. This consists of a
fixed annual charge equal to 15 per cent. of the rateable value of
the house, plus a small charge per unit consumed. The object of this
system is to encourage the use of Electricity in private houses for
heating, cooking and other purposes. Many consumers have taken
advantage of the new system and are installing heating and cooking
apparatus with eminently successful results. In the same edition the Electricity Department has a
full page (unillustrated) advertisement announcing that "Wiring, &c,
for lighting, heating & cooking installations together with heaters
and cookers, supplied on Hire at low terms". Details of the prices
can be obtained either from the Corporation Electricity Works in
Commercial Road or from The Corporation Electricity Showrooms,
Darlington Street.
The Wolverhampton electricity department's showrooms were
here, facing Darlington Street ... |

... and the offices and depot were in the buildings running along
Red Lion Street: The Electricity Department's depot was a bit lower
down the hill in Clarence Street, roughly where Crown House now is. |
In the 1922-23 Wolverhampton Red Book the
advertisement is much the same but gives the Central Administrative
Offices as being at 83 Darlington Street, which is on the corner of
Darlington Street and Red Lion Street. They also had premises in Red
Lion Street itself, behind the Town Hall. The text has changed only
to give a more up to date account of the equipment:
The present main Generating Station has been
entirely reconstructed, and has now a modern up-to-date equipment
with a total output of 23,000 Kilowatts. The plant consists of seven
steam Turbine-driven Alternators; the steam portion by Willans and
Robinson, of Rugby, and the British Thomson-Houston Company, Ltd.,
of Rugby; Generators and electrical portion by Siemens Bros., Ltd.,
of Stafford; the British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., of Rugby; and
the Electric Construction Co., Ltd., of Wolverhampton.
The Boiler Plant consists of large and modern
Stirling and Babcock and Wilcox Water-tube Boilers, with
Economisers, induced and forced draught plant. Water-softening plant
is installed for treating the water before it is fed to the boilers.
The coal for use under the boilers is brought to the works by canal
in the Department's own boats, and is mechanically conveyed from the
boats to storage bunkers fixed above the boiler house, and from
thence automatically into the furnaces.
S. T. Allen, Wolverhampton Borough's Electrical Engineer in
the 1920s |
The area of supply covered in 1895 was that of the
Borough at the time, about 5.5 square miles. From then on there was
continuous expansion of the area. Under the Wolverhampton
Corporation Electric Lighting Extension Order, 1913, the area
doubled to 11 square miles by the inclusion of the Parish of
Bushbury in the area of supply. At that time Bushbury was mainly
rural but the supply of electricity probably contributed to its
becoming a major area for the industrial and residential expansion
of Wolverhampton. The 1925 Order more than quadrupled this size to
47 square miles, taking in, amongst other places, Brewood and
Codsall. The Borough's own Acts of Parliament in 1928 and 1932
extended the area to 106 square miles.
Nearly all of this expansion was in the directions away from
the Black Country and into the rural areas to the north and west. |
By 1932 the supply area reached Saredon and Penkridge to the
north east, Brineton and Blymhill to the north east, and Tong,
Albrighton and Pattingham in the west.
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